Scavenger+Hunt+Answer+Key

 1. What are the three types of coral reefs? Tell me a fact about each. (Any of the facts below are acceptable.)

 2. What percent of the world's coral reefs are damaged beyond recovery and what are the three top threats?  3. 100 word essay on how we do our part to save coral reefs.
 * **Fringing reefs **  are reefs that form along a coastline. They grow on the continental shelf in shallow water.
 * **Barrier reefs **  grow parallel to shorelines, but farther out, usually separated from the land by a deep lagoon. They are called barrier reefs because they form a barrier between the lagoon and the seas, impeding navigation.
 * **Coral Atolls ** <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> are rings of coral that grow on top of old, sunken volcanoes in the ocean. They begin as fringe reefs surrounding a volcanic island; then, as the volcano sinks, the reef continues to grow, and eventually only the reef remains.
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">(In the third section) An estimated 20 percent of the world's reefs are damaged beyond recovery and about half of the remaining coral reefs are under risk of collapse. The top threats to coral reefs--climate change, unsustainable fishing, and land-based pollution--are all due to human activities.

(Any of the below are acceptable.)
 * 1) <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Conserve water: ** <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> The less water you use, the less runoff and wastewater will pollute our oceans.
 * 2) <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Help reduce pollution: ** <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> Walk, bike or ride the bus. Fossil fuel emissions from cars and industry raise lead to ocean warming which causes mass-bleaching of corals and can lead to widespread destruction of reefs.
 * 3) <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Use only ecological or organic fertilizers: ** <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> Although you may live thousands of miles from a coral reef ecosystem, these products flow into the water system, pollute the ocean, and can harm coral reefs and marine life.
 * 4) <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Dispose of your trash properly: ** <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> Don't leave unwanted fishing lines or nets in the water or on the beach. Any kind of litter pollutes the water and can harm the reef and the fish.
 * 5) <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Support reef-friendly businesses: ** <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> Ask the fishing, boating, hotel, aquarium, dive or snorkeling operators how they protect the reef. Be sure they care for the living reef ecosystem and ask if the organization responsible is part of a coral reef ecosystem management effort.
 * 6) <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Plant a tree: ** <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> Trees reduce runoff into the oceans. You will also contribute to reversing the warming of our planet and the rising temperatures of our oceans.
 * 7) <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Practice safe and responsible diving and snorkeling: ** <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> Do not touch the reef or anchor your boat on the reef. Contact with the coral will damage the delicate coral animals, and anchoring on the reef can kill it, so look for sandy bottom or use moorings if available.
 * 8) <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Volunteer for a coral reef cleanup: ** <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> You don't live near a coral reef? Then do what many people do with their vacation: visit a coral reef. Spend an afternoon enjoying the beauty of one of the most diverse ecosystems on the Earth.
 * 9) <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Contact your government representatives: ** <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> Demand they take action to protect coral reefs, stop sewage pollution of our oceans, expand marine protected areas and take steps to reverse global warming.
 * 10) <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">**<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Spread the word: ** <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> Remember your own excitement at learning how important the planet's coral reefs are to us and the intricate global ecosystem. Share this excitement and encourage others to get involved.

<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> 1. Read about Phytoplankton and then fill in the blank for this statement: Phytoplankton are at the of the ocean food chain.

<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> 2. What does the Greek word <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">//<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">planktos // <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> mean? Why do you think the root <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">//<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">phyto- // <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> (follow the link and clink on "root words list") is attached to the word phytoplankton? <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> 3. Phytoplankton are such small creatures. Are they important? Why? <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">bottom
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">//<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Planktos // <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> means "wanderer". <span style="font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">//<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Phyto- // <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> means "plant" and phytoplankton need sunlight to survive, just like plants.
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Yes! Phytoplankton are athe bottom of the ocean food chain. Without phytoplankon, none of the other ocean life could survive. Also, watching phytoplankton can give scientists the inside scoop on how the environment is changing.

<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">__Answers to "Dolphins":__
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1. Read about Dolphins and fill in the blank: Dolphins can swim under water for minutes.

<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> 2. How many months does a female dolphin carry her baby? <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> 3. Where in the ocean do dolphins live? <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> 4. What does it mean when we say that a dolphin is a mammal? <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">15
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">11--12 months
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Dolphins live all over the world in oceans.
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Breathes air, warm blooded, give live births to babies, and nurse their young.

<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">__Answers to "Octopi":__
<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">

1. Read about Octopi and fill in the blank: There are __arms on an octopus.__ <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> __2. Can an octopus detect color?__ <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> __3. What does an Octopus eat?__ <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> __4. Where do Octopi live?__ <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">__8__
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">__Yes! They have acute vision and can detect colors.__
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">__Octopi eat small crabs and scallops, plus some snails, fish, turtles, crustaceans (like shrimp), and other octopi.__
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">__Octopi live in spaces under rocks, crevices on the sea floor, or holes they dig under large rocks.__

__<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Answers to "Sharks": __
<span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">

1. How many different types of fins do sharks have, and what are they called? <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> 2. Sharks have the most powerful jaws in the planet, what makes their jaw different from a human's? <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> 3. Do sharks have better or worse eyesight than humans? Give an example as to why. <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"><span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;"> 4. How many species of sharks are there and how many of them are considered dangerous to humans?
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">3; Dorsal, Pectoral, and Caudal
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Both the sharks' upper and lower jaws move.
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">Sharks have better eyesight than humans, their lens is up to seven times more powerful.
 * <span style="color: #800080; font-family: Tahoma,Geneva,sans-serif;">368, 20